父母會發現,孩子在一、二年級的時候,好像只要在考試前稍微唸一下書,應付考試就沒問題了;但是,到了三、四年級,課程內容好像越來越難。除了課業壓力之外,三、四年級孩子個性的發展有沒有新的改變呢?他們對電視、娛樂、自我和性,又有什麼看法呢?
文/節錄自《你的8歲孩子》
孩子長大,教養責任交給學校了嗎?
如果仔細觀察一般父母購買教養書籍會發現,孩子越小的時候,父母越會買書來作為教養孩子的參考;而孩子越大,父母買書的就越少了。當然,造成這個現象的可能因素,是多樣而複雜的。
事實上,坊間專門談學童身心發展、生活、興趣的書並不多。讓人很擔心的是,家長們該不會認為,孩子大了,教養責任就可以完全移交給學校了吧?或是孩子上了學之後,除了課業和分數之外,其他的問題就比較不值得注意了呢?教養學齡兒童,難道用教科書和參考書就夠了嗎?
其實,在現今的升學壓力下,家長們擔心孩子的成績表現,實在也是無可厚非。有心的父母會發現,孩子在一、二年級的時候,好像只要在考試前稍微唸一下書,應付考試就沒問題了;但是,到了三、四年級,課程內容好像越來越難,連家長都大嘆:「現在的小學生真不是好混的!」而三、四年級的孩子除了課業壓力之外,個性的發展有沒有新的改變呢?他們對電視、娛樂、自我和性,又有什麼看法呢?
瞭解你的8歲、9歲孩子
在《你的8歲孩子》和《你的9歲孩子》兩本書中,作者作了真切清楚的描述。8歲孩子是活潑、熱情又外向的小太陽,他們喜歡作英雄,吹噓自己的能力,而且「很愛」媽媽,總把媽媽黏得喘不過氣。而9歲孩子則是愛思考又做事認真的小學士,獨立及抽象的思考能力在這個階段萌芽;他們比八歲時獨立,追求成就感,只要是喜歡的事情一定全力以赴,就算是精疲力竭,仍然樂在其中。
教養孩子的時候,若光是「緊迫盯人」,卻不瞭解孩子,則教養工作是吃力而令人感到沮喪的。如果家長不瞭解三年級的課業比過去深了許多,他可能會覺得,本來一、二年級功課沒問題的孩子,怎麼忽然到三年級不靈光了?而如果母親不瞭解孩子三、四年級之間,性情特質的轉變,也很容易因為孩子先前與她親暱,到四年級時,卻對她視而不見,喜歡與朋友同夥而感到挫折失落。
透過兒童發展學者的研究觀察和細膩描述,以及國內第一線國小資深老師的審訂,將能提供家長們一些線索,使教養成為知識、智慧和熱情的結合。
書籍簡介
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你的8歲孩子
活潑外向的三年級
《你的8歲孩子》細緻的從身心各面向描述8歲孩子的發展情形以及與前後年紀孩子的差異,有如一本成長百科,內容包括:
●剖析孩子的身心發展特質、心智能力、學校生活、人際關係、生活常規。
●探討常見的人際問題、社交困難、學習壓力、情緒困擾,並提供解決策略。
能幫助父母和老師更了解這個年紀的孩子,找到平和愉悅的相處方式,也幫助孩子身心調適得更好。
作者簡介
Louise Bates Ames, Carol Chase Haber
本書內容是美國耶魯大學吉塞爾兒童發展中心集結40年兒童行為觀察研究精華,詳述各個年齡層的發展特色,讓爸媽愉快陪伴孩子一起成長。由兒童發展專家Louise Bates Ames, Carol Chase Haber聯合執筆。